review · International Materials Reviews
This critical review focuses on the use of wood-based biochar for removing potentially toxic elements from water and wastewater. It examines the preparation and characterisation of wood-based biochar, its removal efficiency for toxic elements, and the underlying mechanisms involved. The review also discusses the fate of sorbed elements and their potential recovery from the resulting sludge. A comparison is made between engineered and pristine wood-based biochar regarding their effectiveness. The research highlights the scientific opportunities for understanding wood-based biochar as an emerging biosorbent and a promising, low-cost, and effective material for remediating contaminated water.
This review is important because it consolidates knowledge on using wood-based biochar to clean contaminated water. Addressing the removal of toxic elements is crucial for public health and environmental protection, and this material offers a potentially sustainable and cost-effective solution for water treatment.
This review identifies wood-based biochar as a promising, low-cost, and effective material for the remediation of water contaminated with potentially toxic elements. It suggests potential application in water and wastewater treatment processes, offering a sustainable solution for environmental clean-up. This is foundational research, providing a comprehensive understanding for developers of water purification technologies, but does not indicate a specific near-market product.
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Recently, biochar has received significant attention, especially for the removal of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from water and wastewater. No review has been focused on the potential use of wood-based biochar (WB) for the removal of PTEs in water and wastewater. Here, we have critically reviewed the (i) preparation and characterisation of WB; (ii) removal efficiency of WB for PTEs in water with respect to its physicochemical characteristics, biochar/water ratio, pH, and sorption system; (iii) removal mechanisms of PTEs by WB; (iv) fate of the sorbed PTEs onto WB; and (v) recovery of the sorbed PTEs from the resultant sludge of WB. We also discussed the removal of PTEs by engineered/designer WB as compared to pristine WB. This review demonstrates the overarching scientific opportunities for a comprehensive understanding of using WB as an emerging biosorbent and a promising low-cost and effective material for the remediation of PTEs contaminated water.
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DOI: 10.1080/09506608.2018.1473096
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