Variant Inferior Vena Cava Associated with Combined Variation of Renal and Testicular Arteries: A Case Report and Clinical Implications

Abstract

This case report details multiple vascular anomalies discovered during routine abdominal dissection, including duplication of the inferior vena cava (IVC), the right testicular artery (RTA) originating from an accessory right renal artery, and unusual drainage of the right testicular vein into the right part of the double IVC. Currently, computed tomography and angiography are instrumental in diagnosing IVC duplication, highlighting its clinical significance with increased risks of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Understanding these variations from an embryological perspective is crucial for managing clinical cases and planning surgical interventions involving the posterior abdominal wall. This case study explores the embryological origins of these vascular anomalies. It discusses their potential clinical implications, emphasizing the importance of accurate imaging techniques and comprehensive anatomical knowledge in clinical practice.