Uptake of voluntary medical male circumcision services among young adults in rural Tanzania: a cross-sectional study of willingness

Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) and its member states, particularly in Eastern and Southern Africa, have implemented various strategies to increase male circumcision coverage. Despite notable progress, the target has yet to be met, raising concerns about the willingness of young men to undergo the procedure. This study aimed to assess the willingness of young male adults in rural Tanzania to undergo circumcision. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in May and June 2022 in the Mbarali district of the Mbeya region, southwestern Tanzania. A total of 135 uncircumcised young men aged 18–24 years were enrolled. A structured questionnaire was used to assess their willingness to undergo circumcision and the reasons influencing their decision. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. The majority of participants (87, 64.4%) were aged 21–24 years, and 97 (71.9%) were unmarried. Most respondents (94, 69.6%) expressed a willingness to undergo circumcision. Besides, 41(80.4%) expressed concern about time spent and 46(76.7%) said fear of HIV testing was not a problem. Conversely, being married and knowing that circumcision improves sexual pleasure and penile hygiene significantly (p < 0.05) increased willingness. To enhance the uptake of male circumcision services, age-targeted counseling and awareness campaigns are recommended.