Unusual Fatal Gastric Sand Impaction in an Argentine Polo Pony in Nigeria: A Case Report

Abstract

Equine colic remains a significant health concern with complex, multifactorial aetiologies. Gastric sand impaction, while less common than large colon sand accumulation, can lead to severe complications including gastric rupture if left untreated. This report documents a case offatalgastric sand impactionin a 12-year-old Argentine Polo Pony mare from Nigeria. The mare, maintained on ground feeding with hay and commercial concentrate feed,developed progressive colic signs over three days. Despite severe clinical deterioration, including reduced appetite, abdominal discomfort, and frequent rolling, no veterinary examination was pursued. Post-mortem examination revealed a 15 cm gastric rupture with approxi-mately 8 kg of accumulated sand, accompanied by severe peritonitis and gastrointestinal inflammation.This case emphasizes the importance of proper feeding practices, regular veterinary monitoring, and prompt intervention in equine colic cases. It also demonstrates that significant sand accumulation can occur in the equine stomach, not just the large colon, potentially leading to gastric rupture. Immediate veterinary intervention for colic signs and use of elevated feeding systems to prevent fatal sand impaction are recommended.