article · Food Chemistry X
The chemical composition of edible oils is influenced by geographical origin, making traceability essential for ensuring authenticity and quality, particularly for unconventional (edible) oils like date seed oil (DSO). For economic, food safety, and research purposes, this study aimed to characterize the metabolomic profile of DSO and assess the impact of Moroccan origin to identify key chemical markers linked to regional differences. An untargeted metabolomic approach using UHPLC-QTOF-MS was applied to DSO samples from three Moroccan palm groves: <i>Allougoum</i>, <i>Alnif</i>, and <i>Errachidia</i>. PCA revealed modest clustering for <i>Allougoum</i> samples, while OPLS-DA enabled selection of 50 features contributing to differentiation. Among these, 25 metabolites were tentatively identified as geographical markers with three, n-(3-oxohexanoyl) homoserine lactone, indole-3-carboxaldehyde, and vanillin, confirmed using authentic standards. Hydroxy fatty acids were the most represented class, with four compounds tentatively annotated. This study provides the first comprehensive metabolomic profile of DSO and highlights potential markers for origin differentiation.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103162
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