article · Physics of Plasmas
Two-dimensional modulated ion-acoustic waves in electronegative plasma are examined using hydrodynamic equations. By applying a reductive perturbation expansion, these governing equations are reduced to a Davey-Stewartson system with two space variables. This model is used to investigate modulational instability alongside key plasma characteristics, specifically the negative ion concentration ratio and the electron-to-negative ion temperature ratio. A parametric analysis identifies the regions of plasma conditions that generate modulated ion-acoustic waves, highlighting the behaviour of the instability growth rate. Numerical simulations using perturbed plane waves demonstrate that parameters within these unstable regions trigger the formation of series of dromion solitons. Furthermore, exact one- and two-dromion solutions are derived, and their sensitivity to variations in negative ion concentration and temperature ratios is evaluated.
Modulational instability and soliton dynamics are fundamental to understanding how energy and wave structures propagate through complex plasma environments. By clarifying how negative ions and temperature ratios influence wave stability and localization, this theoretical framework enhances the fundamental understanding of how coherent structures, such as dromions, form and interact in multi-component plasmas.
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Two-dimensional modulated ion-acoustic waves are investigated in an electronegative plasma. Through the reductive perturbation expansion, the governing hydrodynamic equations are reduced to a Davey-Stewartson system with two-space variables. The latter is used to study the modulational instability of ion-acoustic waves along with the effect of plasma parameters, namely, the negative ion concentration ratio (α) and the electron-to-negative ion temperature ratio (σn). A parametric analysis of modulational instability is carried out, where regions of plasma parameters responsible for the emergence of modulated ion-acoustic waves are discussed, with emphasis on the behavior of the instability growth rate. Numerically, using perturbed plane waves as initial conditions, parameters from the instability regions give rise to series of dromion solitons under the activation of modulational instability. The sensitivity of the numerical solutions to plasma parameters is discussed. Some exact solutions in the form one- and two-dromion solutions are derived and their response to the effect of varying α and σn is discussed as well.
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DOI: 10.1063/1.5001725
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