article · The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases
An evaluation of records from 380 smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients treated between January 2011 and December 2013 across health facilities in zone one of the Afar regional state examined treatment outcomes and associated factors. The patient cohort comprised 238 men and 142 women with an average age of 30.7 years. Overall, 33.7 percent were cured, 50.2 percent completed treatment, 4.5 percent died, 0.3 percent experienced treatment failure, 8.9 percent defaulted, and 2.1 percent transferred out. The overall treatment success rate was 81.8 percent, approaching international targets. Significant statistical associations were identified between treatment success and patient age, sex, HIV status, four-week clinic attendance during the continuation phase, follow-up sputum testing, and the year of treatment outcome. Ensuring regular clinic attendance and systematic sputum monitoring remain critical components for managing smear-positive tuberculosis cases effectively.
Tuberculosis remains a major public health challenge requiring high treatment success rates to stop transmission and prevent drug resistance. Measuring outcomes and identifying factors linked to treatment default or failure helps health systems target high-risk groups, refine patient tracking protocols, and bring regional performance closer to global disease-control benchmarks.
The abstract does not indicate a commercial application pathway, as it focuses on clinical outcomes and epidemiological factors within public healthcare facilities.
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Evaluating the outcomes of tuberculosis treatment and understanding the specific reasons for unfavorable treatment outcome are important in evaluating the effectiveness of tuberculosis control program. A retrospective study was conducted to assess tuberculosis treatment outcomes and associated factors among smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in zone-one health facilities of Afar regional state, Ethiopia. A total of 380 smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients' registration book recorded with complete information from Jan 2011 to Dec 2013 were analyzed. Of 380 patients included in the analysis, 238 were male and 142 female with mean age of 30.7. Overall treatment outcome were 128 (33.7%) cured, 192 (50.2%) completed, 17 (4.5%) died, 1 (0.3%) treatment failure, 34 (8.9%) default and 8 (2.1%) transfer out. Treatment success rate was 81.8%. There was statistically significance association between age (p-value=0.000), sex (p-value=0.018), HIV status (p-value=0.000), four week attendance (p-value=0.000), sputum follow up test (p-value=0.000), and treatment outcome year (p-value=0.000), and treatment success (p-value=0.000). Treatment success rate almost reached to the WHO targets although yet need to work a lot for fulfillment of global targets. Regular four week attendance in continuation phase and doing follow up sputum test with unsuccessful outcome for smear positive tuberculosis patient were vital.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2016.07.012
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