article · Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials
A four-component semiconductor heterojunction was investigated to understand interface formation and charge transfer dynamics using lanthanum nickelate, bismuth oxybromide, copper bismuth oxide, and bismuth tungstate. The investigation examined whether the material would behave as a quadruple or triple S-scheme heterojunction. By employing a core-shell design, the composite restricted interface formation to three junctions, confirming a triple S-scheme configuration. Density functional theory calculations and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy verified the band structures and supported the charge transfer pathway. Internal electric fields and band bending systematically regulated charge movement across the interfaces. The resulting triple S-scheme composite demonstrated efficient charge separation, enabling the degradation of pharmaceutical pollutants, specifically oxytetracycline and sulfamethoxazole, under visible light irradiation.
Pharmaceutical residues such as antibiotics pose severe environmental hazards when they accumulate in aquatic ecosystems. Creating advanced multi-semiconductor catalysts that effectively utilise visible light offers a promising method for breaking down these hazardous compounds. Understanding how to restrict and guide charge transfer in multi-component materials provides valuable principles for designing more effective water decontamination technologies.
This technology could ultimately enable advanced wastewater treatment systems designed to break down persistent pharmaceutical compounds like antibiotics. Prospective beneficiaries include water utilities and operators treating pharmaceutical manufacturing effluent. The technology currently represents early-stage laboratory research, demonstrated on specific target pollutants under controlled light exposure, with no indication yet of pilot testing, scaled synthesis, or real-world effluent trials.
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Abstract The investigation and understanding of heterointerfaces formation and charge transfer dynamics in two or more semiconductor heterojunctions increased ensuing establishment of S-scheme and dual S-scheme heterojunctions. However, investigations of possible charge transfer at interfaces and their type in four component systems are limited. Herein, a four-component heterojunction was investigated to postulate and demonstrate deviation between quadruple and triple S-scheme heterojunctions possibilities using LaNiO 3 , BiOBr, CuBi 2 O 4 , and Bi 2 WO 6 . DFT and XPS were used to construct the band structure and support the charge transfer at the interfaces to follow S-S strategy during OTC and SMX degradation under visible light. IEF, bend bending systematically modulated charge transfer, and the core-shell strategy restricted possible junctions’ formation to three to accord triple S-scheme heterojunction. This work demonstrated the construction of Triple S-scheme heterostructures as a promising strategy for efficient charge separation making it a suitable candidate for elimination of pollutants.
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DOI: 10.1007/s42114-024-01014-1
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