Trends in Anemia prevalence among women of reproductive age in North Africa (1999–2021)

Abstract

Anemia among women of reproductive age (WRA), aged 15-49 years, affects nearly half a billion women worldwide and represents a significant public health issue with serious consequences for health and well-being. The aim of this review is to examine the prevalence of anemia in WRA in North African countries (NAC) during the period 2019-2021 and assess progress towards achieving the Global Nutrition Targets (GNT). A review of pertinent literature and databases was conducted, including national surveys and international organization data. According to World Health Organization (WHO) data, in 2000, anemia prevalence in North African countries ranged from 31.5% in Tunisia to 37.6% in Algeria, and in 2019, it ranged from 28.3% in Egypt to 33.3% in Algeria. National survey data shows that most anemia cases in North African countries are mild to moderate, with a significant portion attributed to iron deficiency anemia. The data indicates that North African countries are not on track to meet the WHA target. Improved monitoring and assessment are needed to enhance targeting and implementation of anemia control programs.