Transposition of great vessels in a 4 years old child in Cameroon (a case report)

Abstract

Background. Congenital heart diseases are a group of structural abnormalities or defects of the heart that are present at birth. These conditions can range from relatively mild defects to severe, life-threatening anomalies. Purpose – in this case report we present a four years old female with D transposition of great arteries and multiple ventricular septal defects. Materials and Methods. After medical physical examination of the patient and collection of data, a comprehensive transthoracic echocardiogram was done using a nice Sonoscape echocardiogram with a pediatric prob. Results. The results showed an abdominal situs solitius in levocardia, no atrial septal defect, large perimembranous ventricular septal septal defect, presence of muscular large apical ventricular septal defect, normal pulmonary venous return, normal systemic venous return, normal atrio-ventricular, ventriculo-atrial connections, not altered atrioventricular valves, aortic and pulmonary artery cusps with good morphology, structure and function, dilated left ventricle with good systolic function EF: 75%, LVDD: 45 mm, hypertrophic and swiss cheese aspect of the interventricular septum, no left ventricular outflow obstruction, no right ventricular outflow obstruction, aorta posterior to the pulmonary artery coming from the right ventricle, dilated pulmonary artery trunk situated anterior to the aorta taking from the left ventricle with branches dilated, no patent ductus arteriosus, no coarctation of the aorta at left, no pericardial effusion. The conclusion of D transposition of great vessels, a large perimembranous ventricular septal defect, a muscular ventricular septal defect, an aspect of swiss cheese interventricular septum was made. Conclusions. Total transposition of great arteries although rare in the developed world can still be seen in the developing world in older children. Symptomatic therapeutical management is the only treatment option the late presentation of the pathology.