Threats Posed by Pesticide Contamination in Agroecosystems: Innovative Approaches to Protect Non-Target Organisms and the Environment

Abstract

Pesticides have been used to manage pests and diseases, but their extensive usage could pose environmental and health challenges. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the threats stemming from pesticide contamination within agricultural ecosystems. This examination illuminates the harmful effects of pesticides on non-target organisms and environmental sustainability, highlighting the critical demand for effective and green agricultural practices. By scrutinizing the complexities of pesticide contamination, this review aims to shed light on the issues that threaten biodiversity and ecosystem resilience. The collection of literature data relies on screening databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scifinder. The keywords of the search were a combination of words such as “pesticides”, “contamination", " toxicity", " organisms", "bioremediation ", “nanotechnology”, “safety”, and “nano-pesticides”. Through a detailed examination of current research and practices, the review seeks to offer a nuanced understanding of the extent of the problem and the potential risks associated with pesticide use in agroecosystems. Furthermore, the review delves into innovative approaches and emerging technologies that show promise in combating pesticide contamination. These solutions range from novel application methods to the development of alternative pest management strategies that prioritize environmental sustainability and long-term ecosystem health. Ultimately, this review serves as a reference for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners in the agricultural sector, offering insights into the complexities of pesticide contamination and highlighting pathways towards more sustainable and eco-friendly agricultural practices.