review · ACS Omega
This comprehensive review discusses recent advancements in understanding the toxicity of mercury and its chemical compounds, drawing from over 210 recent literature sources. It outlines the different types of mercury, their structures, and environmental sources. The review details how mercury moves through the body, the molecular ways it causes harm, and the clinical signs of both acute and chronic mercury poisoning in humans. It also thoroughly explains mercury's detrimental effects on the environment, including ecotoxicity, and its impact on human health, such as neurotoxicity, genotoxicity, immune system issues, reproductive damage, cancer promotion, and harm to the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and renal systems. The paper concludes by recommending strategies to lessen mercury's adverse effects and suggests future research directions.
Understanding mercury's widespread toxicity is crucial because it is a pervasive environmental pollutant. This review consolidates current knowledge on how mercury harms ecosystems and human health, informing public health efforts and environmental protection strategies to reduce exposure and mitigate its severe impacts.
The abstract for this comprehensive review does not indicate a direct application pathway or commercialisation potential for specific technologies or products. It focuses on synthesising existing knowledge about mercury toxicity and mitigation.
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Mercury is a type of hazardous and toxic pollutant that can result in detrimental effects on the environment and human health. This review is aimed at discussing the state-of-the-art progress on the recent developments on the toxicity of mercury and its chemical compounds. More than 210 recent works of literature are covered in this review. It first delineates the types (covering elemental mercury, inorganic mercury compounds, organic mercury compounds), structures, and sources of mercury. It then discusses the pharmacokinetic profile of mercury, molecular mechanisms of mercury toxicity, and clinical manifestation of acute and chronic mercury toxicity to public health. It also elucidates the mercury toxicity to the environment and human health in detail, covering ecotoxicity, neurotoxicity diseases, neurological diseases, genotoxicity and gene regulation, immunogenicity, pregnancy and reproductive system damage, cancer promotion, cardiotoxicity, pulmonary diseases, and renal disease. In order to mitigate the adverse effects of mercury, strategies to overcome mercury toxicity are recommended. Finally, some future perspectives are provided in order to advance this field of research in the future.
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DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07047
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