review · International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Acute ischemic stroke occurs when arterial blockage interrupts blood supply to the brain, often causing severe cellular damage or death. Oxidative stress is a critical mechanism driving this pathology. A review across three major scientific databases shows that patients with acute ischemic stroke consistently display elevated levels of multiple oxidative stress markers. These include malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, F2-isoprostanes, hydroxynonenal, total antioxidant capacity, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, and urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine. The presence of these markers confirms substantial oxidative stress and associated molecular damage in stroke patients. Measuring these molecular indicators provides a valuable tool for diagnosing ischemic stroke, determining its causes, and predicting illness severity and recovery prospects. Furthermore, these oxidative interactions highlight potential molecular targets for novel neuroprotective and preventive strategies, particularly therapies based on antioxidants.
Stroke is a leading cause of severe brain injury and death worldwide. Understanding the precise molecular indicators of cellular damage helps medical teams assess patient condition more accurately. By pinpointing specific oxidative stress markers, researchers can identify high-risk patients earlier and explore targeted antioxidant interventions that protect vulnerable brain tissue during and after an ischemic event.
This research highlights opportunities in diagnostic assay development and targeted antioxidant therapeutics for acute ischemic stroke management. Diagnostic kit manufacturers and pharmaceutical developers could use these molecular markers to formulate prognostic tests or guide neuroprotective drug candidates. However, because this work synthesises existing experimental literature rather than validating a specific product, the findings remain at an early research stage, requiring structured clinical trials before practical market use.
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Ischemic strokes occur when the blood supply to a part of the brain is interrupted or reduced due to arterial blockage, and it often leads to damage to brain cells or death. According to a myriad of experimental studies, oxidative stress is an important pathophysiological mechanism of ischemic stroke. In this narrative review, we aimed to identify how the alterations of oxidative stress biomarkers could suggest a severity-reflecting diagnosis of ischemic stroke and how these interactions may provide new molecular targets for neuroprotective therapies. We performed an eligibility criteria-based search on three main scientific databases. We found that patients with acute ischemic stroke are characterized by increased oxidative stress markers levels, such as the total antioxidant capacity, F2-isoprostanes, hydroxynonenal, total and perchloric acid oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORACTOT and ORACPCA), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase, and urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine. Thus, acute ischemic stroke is causing significant oxidative stress and associated molecular and cellular damage. The assessment of these molecular markers could be useful in diagnosing ischemic stroke, finding its causes, predicting its severity and outcomes, reducing its impact on the cellular structures of the brain, and guiding preventive treatment towards antioxidant-based therapy as novel therapeutic alternatives.
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DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076389
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