The Role of 3D Echocardiography in Prediction of Pulmonary Vascular Resistance and Its Reversibility in Simple Congenital Heart Disease with Secondary Pulmonary Hypertension

Abstract

Abstract Background Pulmonary hypertension is a gradual and often lethal condition that commonly manifests as non-specific dyspnea with exertion. Aim To determine non-invasive predictors of PVR severity and reversibility in simple congenital heart disease (CHD) individuals using 3DE. Patients and Methods This was a prospective cohort research performed on 40 individuals selected from attendees of cardiology clinics of Ain Shams University Hospitals over a period of 12 months from November 2022 to November 2023. The patients were between 3 and 18 years with simple CHD as well as pulmonary hypertension. All patients underwent 3D and 2D echocardiography study of the right side of the heart and right heart catheterization Results There was a significant positive correlation among PVR or its reversibility, and right ventricular parameters (EDV/ESV/SVI) and tricuspid valvular parameters (coaptation height, tenting volume, annulus perimeter, major axis, minor axis). Conversely, no statistically significant correlation was found among PVR or its reversibility, and ejection fraction, tricuspid annulus area, FAC, and S’ (P > 0.05). Conclusion We concluded that EDV, ESV, SVI, CoH, tenting volume, and annulus perimeter (measured by 3DE) were the most important variables to predict the PVR and its reversibility in cases with simple CHD s and secondary pulmonary hypertension