The integration of augmented and virtual reality in cell biology courses as a pedagogical innovation in the training of life and earth sciences teachers

Abstract

Teaching and learning using mobile devices such as tablets and smartphones has become a trend. Learners can use mixed reality technologies including augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) which are promising tools for science education. Augmented reality allows the userto see a combination of the real world and virtual objects, while virtual reality generates a virtual environment in which the user feels like in the real world. Several studies have focused on the contribution of AR/VR in differentfields of education andhave shown that this technology positively affects learners' motivation, promotes their self-learning, and can improve their academic performance. Our study was designedto investigate the contribution of activities integrating augmented and virtual reality in cell biology courses,on the learning and motivation of Moroccan pre-serviceteachers of life and earth sciences. We adopted a semi-experimental approach using a pre-test and a post-test with two groups. The pre-serviceteachers in the experimental group (n= 30) took the courses using AR/VR materialsand tools, while the pre-serviceteachers in the control group (n=30) took the same courses using only traditional tools and materials. The results of the pre-test and post-test showed a statistically significant difference in the post-test in favourof the pre-serviceteachers ofthe experimental group who, in addition to the improvement in their test scores, expressed high motivation during the different training courses