article · Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials
Nanocomposite films were prepared by solution casting using a blend of carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate filled with varied concentrations of nickel oxide nanoparticles. Structural characterisation showed cubic nickel oxide nanoparticles sized between 10 and 55 nanometres, with their presence altering composite crystallinity and confirming intermolecular interactions across the blend components. Optical measurements revealed new absorption peaks and demonstrated that higher nanoparticle content narrowed the optical energy gap from 4.88 down to 4.06 electron volts. Electrical tests conducted at room temperature across frequencies from 0.1 to 10 million hertz showed that increasing nanoparticle content gradually boosted the dielectric constant up to 311, raised the dielectric loss up to 2255, and enhanced alternating current conductivity following Jonscher power law. Equivalent electrical circuits were established through impedance spectroscopy.
Developing flexible materials with tailored electrical and optical behaviours is essential for advancing electronic hardware. Combining common polymers with conducting polymers and metal oxide nanoparticles provides a method to tune dielectric performance, conductivity, and optical bandgaps. This research demonstrates how simple formulation changes can improve functional properties, offering insights for designing materials intended for solid-state electrical components.
The abstract notes that these composite films could compete for use in optoelectronic applications, which may interest materials suppliers and electronics component developers. Because the findings are based on laboratory fabrication, structural analysis, and room-temperature electrical characterisation, the work remains at an early stage of research. Extensive performance testing, operational life assessments, and device integration studies would be needed before any commercial pathway can be pursued.
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Abstract The solution casting process was used to fabricate nanocomposite samples composed of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) and filled with varied concentrations of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs). The effect of NiO nanoparticles on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of the pure CMC/PVA/PEDOT:PSS mixture was studied and discussed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed that the NiO NPs are cubic in phase and range in size from 10 to 55 nm. The XRD analysis of the incorporated films indicated that the NiO NPs crystallinity increased at expense of the CMC/PVA/PEDOT:PSS composites. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) examination revealed the main absorption vibrational peaks of CMC, PVA, PEDOT:PSS, and Ni-O, whose intensities changed randomly after filling, revealing the intermolecular interaction between the nanocomposite components. The UV and visible range absorption spectra showed a sharp peak around 228 for the pure blend, which can be assigned to the π→π* transition. After being filled with NiO NPs, the nanocomposites produced displayed new peaks at 292 and 422 nm that steadily increased with increasing NiO NPs concentration. The optical energy gap (Eg) was computed, and it was discovered that when the NiO NPs content increased, the Eg decreased (from 4.88 to 4.06 eV). At room temperature and over a wide frequency range, between 10 − 1 and 10 7 Hz, the samples’ impedance, AC conductivity, and dielectric qualities were examined. Increased NiO NPs content was seen to gradually enhance dielectric loss (up to 2255), and dielectric constant (up to 311). The AC conductivity of the filled samples is also enhanced and corresponds to Jonscher power law. By analysing impedance components of the Z * , the equivalent electrical circuit for each sample was determined. Because of the considerable improvement in optical and electrical properties, these composite films could compete for usage in optoelectronic applications.
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DOI: 10.1007/s10904-023-02591-2
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