article · Nanotechnology Reviews
Nanotechnology spans multiple areas of science and technology, with growing attention focused on green synthesis methods for metallic nanoparticles. Biological materials provide alternatives to traditional physical and chemical synthesis techniques, which often present environmental and safety challenges. These biological routes are characterised by eco-friendliness, cost-effectiveness, safe handling, and reduced toxicity. While research historically concentrated on bacteria, fungi, algae, enzymes, plants, and plant extracts, focus has expanded towards animal species. Specifically, arthropods and their metabolites have emerged as viable candidates for the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles. Synthesising nanoparticles via these organisms represents a developing branch within nanobiotechnology, highlighting the broader role arthropods can play across multidisciplinary nanoscience research.
Conventional chemical and physical methods for manufacturing metallic nanoparticles often involve hazardous chemicals and high costs. Utilising biological systems offers safer, more sustainable alternatives. Recognising arthropods and their metabolites as functional agents in nanotechnology broadens the scope of green synthesis beyond plants and microbes, supporting cleaner material manufacturing practices across scientific and industrial disciplines.
The abstract outlines an early-stage research foundation highlighting arthropods and their metabolites as viable biological agents for producing metallic nanoparticles. This approach could eventually offer sustainable manufacturing pathways for chemical and nanomaterial producers seeking alternatives to toxic synthesis protocols. However, because the abstract is limited to reviewing scientific literature on biological suitability, the technology remains at an exploratory research stage without specified near-term commercial products or clear operational timelines.
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Abstract Nanotechnology has remained relevant as a multifacet discipline, which cuts across different areas of science and technology. Several successful attempts had been documented regarding the involvement of biological materials in the green synthesis of various metal nanoparticles (MeNPs) because of their eco-friendliness, cost-effectiveness, safe handling, and ultimately less toxicity as opposed to the physical and chemical methods with their concomitant problems. Biological agents, including bacteria, fungi, algae, enzymes, plants, and their extracts, have been implicated in most cases by several authors. Moreover, nanotechnology in recent times has also made an inroad for animal species, specifically arthropods and metabolites thereof to be used as excellent candidates for the green synthesis of MeNPs. The increasing literature on the use of metabolites of arthropods for the green synthesis of nanoparticles has necessitated the need to document a review on their relevance in nanobiotechnology. The review, which represents the first of its kind, seeks to underscore the importance of arthropods in the multidisciplinary subject of nanoscience and nanotechnology.
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DOI: 10.1515/ntrev-2016-0049
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