The Effect of Nanoparticle Reinforcement on Shear‐Thickening Fluid

Abstract

Shear‐thickening fluids (STFs) undergo significant transformation under shear, transitioning from liquid‐like to solid‐like states, opening up diverse applications. This review comprehensively analyzes recent advances in nanoparticle‐reinforced STFs and highlights their improved rheological and mechanical properties. We explore various STF types, including colloidal suspensions and polymer‐based systems, and investigate the underlying shear‐thickening mechanisms such as order‐disorder, hydrocluster, and contact rheology theories. Nanoparticle reinforcement significantly improves STF performance. In our review, nanoparticle types, incorporation methods, and their effects on STF behavior are systematically investigated. Key results demonstrate significant improvements in stiffness, toughness, thermal stability, and chemical resistance, which are critical for practical applications in protection and smart body armor, biomedical devices, industrial equipment, battery reinforcement, and explosion protection functions, as well as vibration dampening and shock absorption. To address the associated challenges, we propose future research directions to fully exploit nanoparticle‐enhanced STFs and provide important insights for researchers and practitioners in this dynamic area.