article · The Astrophysical Journal
This research presents cosmological constraints derived from a gravitational lensing mass map, covering 9400 square degrees, which was reconstructed using Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) measurements from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) between 2017 and 2021. By combining this data with measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations and big bang nucleosynthesis, precise values for the clustering amplitude (σ8 and S8) and the Hubble constant (H0) were obtained. These measurements align with extrapolations from Planck CMB anisotropies, supporting the standard ΛCDM model. However, S8 values from galaxy surveys (KiDS, DES, HSC) were found to be consistently lower than those from ACT+Planck lensing. The study also provides new constraints on neutrino masses and confirms the universe's spatial flatness and consistency with general relativity.
This research significantly refines our understanding of the universe's fundamental properties, such as its expansion rate and the distribution of matter. By providing highly precise measurements and confirming the ΛCDM model, it strengthens our cosmic framework. It also highlights areas where different observational methods yield slightly different results, prompting further investigation into the universe's structure and evolution.
The abstract describes fundamental research in cosmology, focusing on understanding the universe's properties and testing theoretical models. It mentions the release of data products for cross-correlation science and implications for neutrino physics. The abstract does not indicate any direct commercialisation pathways, specific applications, or potential users for this research.
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Abstract We present cosmological constraints from a gravitational lensing mass map covering 9400 deg 2 reconstructed from measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) made by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 2017 to 2021. In combination with measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations and big bang nucleosynthesis, we obtain the clustering amplitude σ 8 = 0.819 ± 0.015 at 1.8% precision, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>S</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>8</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>≡</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>σ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>8</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">m</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="true">/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0.3</mml:mn> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0.5</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.840</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.028</mml:mn> </mml:math> , and the Hubble constant H 0 = (68.3 ± 1.1) km s −1 Mpc −1 at 1.6% precision. A joint constraint with Planck CMB lensing yields σ 8 = 0.812 ± 0.013, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>S</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>8</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>≡</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>σ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>8</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">m</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="true">/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0.3</mml:mn> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0.5</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.831</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.023</mml:mn> </mml:math> , and H 0 = (68.1 ± 1.0) km s −1 Mpc −1 . These measurements agree with ΛCDM extrapolations from the CMB anisotropies measured by Planck. We revisit constraints from the KiDS, DES, and HSC galaxy surveys with a uniform set of assumptions and find that S 8 from all three are lower than that from ACT+Planck lensing by levels ranging from 1.7 σ to 2.1 σ . This motivates further measurements and comparison, not just between the CMB anisotropies and galaxy lensing but also between CMB lensing probing z ∼ 0.5–5 on mostly linear scales and galaxy lensing at z ∼ 0.5 on smaller scales. We combine with CMB anisotropies to constrain extensions of ΛCDM, limiting neutrino masses to ∑ m ν < 0.13 eV (95% c.l.), for example. We describe the mass map and related data products that will enable a wide array of cross-correlation science. Our results provide independent confirmation that the universe is spatially flat, conforms with general relativity, and is described remarkably well by the ΛCDM model, while paving a promising path for neutrino physics with lensing from upcoming ground-based CMB surveys.
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DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acff5f
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