Technology-enhanced compression and AI-integrated lymphedema care: a narrative review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Lymphedema is a persistent and often debilitating condition resulting from lymphatic system dysfunction. It frequently develops as a secondary complication, especially after cancer treatments. Traditional management, centered on complete decongestive therapy (CDT), offers modest benefits but is limited by accessibility, long-term adherence, and variable patient response. AIMS: This narrative review explores how digital health and enhanced compression technologies are reshaping lymphedema care. METHODS: A comprehensive review of pertinent literature was conducted to assess the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI), telehealth platforms, mobile applications, virtual reality-based rehabilitation, and advanced compression devices in the management of lymphedema. Focus was directed towards their clinical efficacy, patient-centered advantages, and the challenges associated with their implementation. RESULTS: AI-driven instruments exhibit significant promise for precise risk stratification, prompt diagnosis, and individualized treatment planning. Digital platforms-including telehealth services, mobile applications, and virtual rehabilitation programs-improve accessibility, enhance patient engagement, and promote sustained adherence over time. Cutting-edge compression modalities, such as sensor-equipped garments, adaptive pneumatic systems, and vibration-assisted apparatus, deliver dynamic, feedback-informed therapeutic interventions. The amalgamation of these technological advancements with wearable biosensors and AI-powered platforms has yielded promising outcomes in limb volume regulation, rehabilitation efficacy, and overall quality of life. Nevertheless, challenges persist concerning equitable access, compliance with regulatory frameworks, cost-effectiveness, and the preparedness of clinicians. CONCLUSION: Digital health and sophisticated compression methodologies signify a transformative advancement in lymphedema management, promoting anticipatory, individualized, and universally accessible healthcare. Mitigating existing obstacles is crucial for the effective incorporation of these approaches into standard clinical protocols.