Synthesis of organic solvent‐free nitrogen‐doped carbon quantum dots as unique green fluorimetric probes for analysis of abrocitinib in human plasma

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a persistent, inflammatory skin condition that impacts approximately 15 to 20% of children and 1 to 3% of adults globally. Common skin manifestations include papules, papulovesicular, and brown or red patches with swelling, crusting, and flaking. Therefore, the drug abrocitinib (ABR) was approved by the US FDA as an oral treatment for atopic dermatitis. The present study outlines the development of innovative, thermostable, and pH-stable organic solvent-free nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N@CQDs) synthesized through a one-step method for evaluating ABR with a notable quantum yield of 33.84% to minimize the use of organic solvents. Their cost-effectiveness, eco-friendly characteristics, and outstanding photocatalytic properties have established them as a promising alternative to conventional luminescent techniques like fluorescent dyes and luminous derivatization technique. The reaction of ABR with N@CQDs led to a significant decrease in the luminescent response of the produced green and stable carbon quantum dots at 513 nm. The detection range was determined to be 1.0-150.0 ng mL^-1, with a lower limit of quantitation (LOQ) equal to 0.52 ng mL^-1 based on the linear graph. The green method effectively used for analysis of ABR in pharmaceutical tablets and pharmacokinetic study with high sensitivity.