article · Scientific Reports
A lead-based metal-organic framework has been synthesised via a sonochemical route using organic ligands derived from 4-aminobenzoic acid and 2-carboxybenzaldehyde. Metal-organic frameworks are porous materials with robust linkages between metal ions and organic ligands, exhibiting high porosity, extensive surface area, and chemical stability. Comprehensive physical and chemical characterisation showed the material possessed a high surface area of 1304.27 square metres per gram, a total pore volume of 2.13 cubic centimetres per gram, and an average pore size of 4.61 nanometres. When evaluated as an electrode material for water-splitting applications, the modified structure achieved a current density of 50 milliamperes per square centimetre at an overpotential of minus 0.6 volts for hydrogen evolution, and at an overpotential of 1.7 volts for oxygen evolution.
Water splitting is a primary method for generating clean hydrogen energy, but it requires efficient electrodes to facilitate both oxygen and hydrogen reactions. Developing metal-organic frameworks with extensive surface areas and porous structures provides promising material candidates for improving electrochemical energy conversion systems.
This research is at an early laboratory stage, demonstrating catalytic activity for water splitting under experimental test conditions. The technology could eventually interest developers of electrolysers and green hydrogen production systems. Moving towards practical use would require validation beyond initial electrode tests, scalable synthesis, and addressing the practical and environmental implications of using lead-based catalysts.
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Abstract Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of porous materials characterized by robust linkages between organic ligands and metal ions. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit significant characteristics such as high porosity, extensive surface area, and exceptional chemical stability, provided the constituent components are meticulously selected. A metal–organic framework (MOF) containing lead and ligands derived from 4-aminobenzoic acid and 2-carboxybenzaldehyde has been synthesized using the sonochemical methodology. The crystals produced were subjected to various analytical techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and thermal analysis. The BET analysis yielded results indicating a surface area was found to be 1304.27 m 2 g −1 . The total pore volume was estimated as 2.13 cm 3 g −1 with an average pore size of 4.61 nm., rendering them highly advantageous for a diverse range of practical applications. The activity of the modified Pb-MOF electrode was employed toward water-splitting applications. The electrode reached the current density of 50 mA cm −2 at an overpotential of − 0.6 V (vs. RHE) for hydrogen evolution, and 50 mA cm −2 at an overpotential of 1.7 V (vs. RHE) for oxygen evolution.
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DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39697-z
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