article · Molecules
Researchers have developed porous hydrogel scaffolds combining chitosan with latex extract from the Calotropis procera plant using a freeze-thaw method to support wound healing. Granulation tissue formation and the growth of new blood vessels are vital stages in tissue repair. Structural testing confirmed molecular interactions between the chitosan and plant latex, while water absorption testing showed the latex-containing hydrogel had slightly higher fluid uptake than the control. Thermal analysis established that a ratio of 60 parts chitosan to 40 parts Calotropis procera offered superior thermal stability over other tested ratios. When evaluated on chick chorioallantoic membranes, all latex-infused hydrogels stimulated significant cell regeneration and new blood vessel formation. However, connective tissue growth and the overall magnitude of healing declined as the concentration of latex extract increased.
Effective wound management depends on therapies that can swiftly rebuild damaged tissue and restore blood supply. By pairing an abundant biopolymer like chitosan with bioactive plant latex, this approach points towards natural, bio-based materials that can actively trigger vessel formation and cellular repair, potentially improving tissue recovery processes.
The hydrogels could serve as active wound dressings or biomedical scaffolds for clinical wound care providers and tissue engineering developers. Because testing has only been conducted through material characterisation and a chick chorioallantoic membrane model, the technology remains at an early laboratory stage and will require extensive preclinical safety and efficacy evaluation before entering clinical use.
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The formation of new scaffolds to enhance healing magnitude is necessarily required in biomedical applications. Granulation tissue formation is a crucial stage of wound healing in which granulation tissue grows on the surface of a wound by the formation of connective tissue and blood vessels. In the present study, porous hydrogels were synthesized using chitosan incorporating latex of the <i>Calotropis procera</i> plant by using a freeze-thaw cycle to stimulate the formation of granulation tissue and angiogenesis in wound healing applications. Structural analysis through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the interaction between chitosan and <i>Calotropis procera</i>. Latex extract containing hydrogel showed slightly higher absorption than the control during water absorption analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis showed high thermal stability of the 60:40 combination of chitosan (CS) and <i>Calotropis procera</i> as compared to all other treatments and controls. A fabricated scaffold application on a chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) showed that all hydrogels containing latex extract resulted in a significant formation of blood vessels and regeneration of cells. Overall, the formation of connective tissues and blood capillaries and healing magnitude decreased in ascending order of concentration of extract.
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DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113284
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