Sub-Saharan Aspects for the Benign Prostate Hypertrophy Postoperative Complications

Abstract

<i>Background: </i>Benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) is mainly characterized by the increase in volume of the prostate gland. It is a frequently encountered pathology in current urological practice. The aim of the study was to evaluate various aspects of the management of postoperative complications, after BPH surgery, in a subsaharan nation. <i>Methodology</i>: This was a retrospective descriptive study carried out at the Douala General Hospital (DGH) and Douala Laquintinie Hospital (DLH) over a period of 5 years (January 1<sup>st</sup> 2016 to December 31<sup>st</sup> 2020). The results were compiled from (1<sup>st</sup> February to 31<sup>st</sup> May 2021) and data analysed using SPSS 25.0. The confidence interval was set at 95% where a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. <i>Results: </i>There were 151 cases in this study. The mean age was 72.3±11.8 years. Majority of the patients were within 60-69 years (27.83%). Pollakiuria, Nocturia and dysuria were the most common reasons of consultation. The medical management of BPH included alpha-blockers (55%), five alpha-reductase inhibitors (10.6%), phytotherapy (13.2%), and combination therapy (15.9%). With respect to surgical management open simple prostatectomy (OSP) was done in 65.6% of patients and Transurethral Resection of Prostate (TURP) in 34.4%. The rate of intraoperative complications was 15.9%, predominantly hemorrhage at 6.6%. Immediate and early complications acounted for 56% of complications with urinary tract infections making up the majority (22.5%). Late complications accounted for 28.8%. The incidence of intraoperative and late postoperative complications was associated with the type of surgery. This association was statistically significant with p-value of 0.013 and 0.030 for introperative and late complications respectively. The average duration of hospitalisation was 9.69± 3.053days. <i>Conclusion</i>: BPH is common in our setting among men older than 50 years. OSP and TURP are the surgical techniques mostly done in our setting. Hemorrhage, UTI and persistence of pollakiuria were the most common complications of BPH surgeries.