Stability and Bifurcation in a Discrete‐Time Guava Pest Control Model with Natural Predation and Neem Extract

Abstract

ABSTRACT In this paper, we examine a discrete‐time predator‐prey model for guava borer management, incorporating the influences of natural predation and neem extract. The model exhibits complex behavior, including Neimark‐Sacker bifurcations, in response to variations in the neem application rate () and time step (). We employ advanced numerical investigation to characterize this behavior. We find chaos by looking at 3D surfaces of the maximum Lyapunov exponent and the population standard deviation. Also, machine learning (Decision Tree and Random Forest classifiers) is used to quickly map stability and chaotic regions. Feature importance analysis indicates that and are the paramount control parameters. Simulations demonstrate that moderately applied neem extract can induce the pest population to achieve a stable, low‐level equilibrium while safeguarding predators. These findings provide a method for developing environmentally sustainable and durable pest control strategies.