Some Kidney Indices/Raw Camel Milk Oral Toxicity Studies in Chemical-Induced Hypertensive Rats

Abstract

Background/Aim Toxicity information of any raw milk is both rare and scarce, and it’s traditional consumption as raw; especially from Arabian camels haven’t been sufficiently validated. This research report was aimed to assess both raw camel milk’s safety through oral toxicity determination via both monitoring of renal function indices and observance of rat mortality, deformity, abnormal behavior or signs of toxicity manifestation when the camel milk was gavagely dispensed to rats via oral route. Methodology Fresh Arabian camels’ raw milk and other standard tools normally used for toxicity assessment using OECD 425 Up and Down procedural guidelines were employed for both acute (immediate and up to 2 days duration) and sub chronic gavage oral administration (that lasted for 4 weeks) to L-NAME induced hypertensive rats at (50 mg/kg/day) and compared with their normal, hypertension positive (amlodipine at (10 mg/kg/day) and negative (received only L-NAME at 50 mg/kg/day) controls. The raw camel milk tests were rats fed orally with it by gavage and dosed as CM1, CM2 and CM3. CM1, 2 and 3 was 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg/day of milk samples concurrently administered for 28 days with chronic hypertension. Results/Conclusion The absence of any rat mortality and non-exhibition of signs of toxicity by any rat involved in the study as well as null and void abnormality in the renal evaluation results attest to the zero-toxicity status of raw camel milk. Urea and creatinine renal results for the tests were lower than their positive and very higher in negative control peers. An oral LD50 was greater than 5000 mg/kg. Conclusively, it can be said that raw camel milk is both safe and toxic-free based on the obtained results.