Social support moderates the relationship between emotion regulation and health-related quality of life in cancer patients

Abstract

The relationship between emotion regulation (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression) and HRQoL in cancer patients is currently gaining momentum, yet, no research to date has investigated the nature of this relationship. The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating role of social support in the relationship between ER and HRQoL in Nigerian cancer patients. Participants included 361 cancer patients (female = 56.79%, mean age = 41.61, SD 15.47) conveniently drawn from the oncology unit of the University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. They completed the measures of Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G), emotion regulation and Perceived Social Support. The moderated regression analysis via PROCESS procedures for SPSS Version 3 was used for data analysis. The results showed that cognitive reappraisal significantly predicted HRQoL (β = 2.12, <i>t</i> = 4.39, <i>p</i> = .000). Social support also significantly predicted HRQoL (β = .73, <i>t</i> = 4.57, <i>p</i> = .000). Most importantly, social support moderated the relationship between cognitive reappraisal and HRQoL (β = -.034, <i>t</i>= -4.23, <i>p</i> = .000), but not between expressive suppression and HRQoL (β = -.015, <i>t</i>= -1.61, <i>p</i> = .10). The moderation slope revealed that cognitive reappraisal significantly predicted HRQoL particularly at lower and moderate levels of social support. These findings reveal that the effect of emotion regulation on HRQoL depends much on an individual's level of perceived social support. It also means that social support boosted the positive impact of emotion regulation on HRQoL. The findings highlighted the importance of social-support and emotion regulation particularly, cognitive-reappraisal in improving health-related quality of life in cancer patients.