Social demographic determinants of clean water accessibility in Northern Tanzania

Abstract

ABSTRACT Clean water is essential for survival and community development. Despite its importance, many communities still lack access to it. Billions of people rely on polluted water globally, which leads to diseases and deaths annually. The study assesses socio-demographic determinants of household clean water accessibility in northern Tanzania. Researchers established questionnaires for the population of four villages and interview techniques for data collection. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics and thematically. The results show that 29.2% of respondents and 71.6% of Nambala had access to piped water, and farming was the primary occupation with 65.4%. Partial correlation revealed that gender, age, marital status, education, and occupation are significantly associated with clean water storage and connectivity systems, suggesting that water infrastructure plays a crucial role in water access. Addressing these disparities can enhance health and economic stability. A multifaceted strategy, incorporating sustainable water management techniques, infrastructure improvements, and community involvement, is necessary.