article · Discover Applied Sciences
Satellite data from Sentinel-5P and 3A/B captured atmospheric parameters across Nigeria between April 2018 and December 2022. The assessment tracked concentrations of nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, ozone, formaldehyde, methane, carbon monoxide, and aerosol indices. Levels of nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, ozone, and formaldehyde remained generally stable with minimal fluctuations over the period. In contrast, methane and carbon monoxide showed slight variations, potentially linked to emission reductions or broader atmospheric changes. Aerosol optical indices confirmed a continuous aerosol presence, driven by both local emission sources and atmospheric dynamics. Multivariate statistical analyses, including factor analysis and dendrogram clustering, revealed shared patterns and chemical relationships among different atmospheric constituents, helping to identify common pollution sources and improve understanding of pollution dynamics across the region.
Continuous air quality tracking is vital for public health protection and environmental governance. Mapping pollutant dynamics across Nigeria helps environmental managers and policy planners understand underlying pollution sources and atmospheric behaviour. Satellite-based monitoring delivers broad geographic coverage over multiple years, providing evidence needed to develop targeted mitigation policies, address climate impacts, and protect communities from prolonged exposure to harmful airborne emissions.
This early-stage research demonstrates how public satellite datasets and multivariate analysis can monitor regional air pollutants over time. Environmental management agencies and public health bodies could use these analytical approaches to identify pollution hotspots and guide regulatory enforcement. Because the methodology relies on offline research datasets, substantial software development and integration with real-time data feeds would be required before delivering operational monitoring tools or commercial compliance platforms.
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Abstract This study presents a comprehensive analysis of atmospheric parameters in Nigeria, utilizing Sentinel-5P and 3A/B offline datasets from April 2018 to December 2022. The research evaluates the concentrations of pollutants such as Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 ), Sulphur Dioxide (SO 2 ), Ozone (O 3 ), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Methane (CH 4 ), Carbon Monoxide (CO), and Aerosol Indices (AI) across different periods. The data analysis employs multivariate techniques, including Factor Analysis, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Scatter Plots, and Dendrogram Clustering, providing insights into the interrelationships and potential sources of pollution. Additionally, the study examines monthly trends, temperature variations, and their impacts on human health and climate. The findings reveal stable levels of NO 2 , SO 2 , O 3 , and HCHO with minimal fluctuations, while CH 4 and CO exhibit slight variations, possibly influenced by emission reductions or atmospheric changes. Aerosol optical indices consistently indicate aerosol presence, influenced by local emissions and atmospheric processes. Multivariate analyses highlight shared patterns among atmospheric constituents, shedding light on potential common sources and chemical relationships. The Pearson correlation coefficients illustrate the strength and direction of linear relationships, offering valuable information on pollution dynamics. The study's visualizations, including scatter plots and dendrogram clustering, enhance the understanding of complex interactions. Overall, the research underscores the significance of continuous monitoring and research efforts for informed decision-making and environmental management in Nigeria.
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DOI: 10.1007/s42452-024-05856-8
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