article · Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal
This study investigated serum ceruloplasmin levels in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia compared to healthy controls in Southwest Nigeria. Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy complication linked to oxidative stress. The research aimed to determine if ceruloplasmin levels differ in pre-eclampsia and if they could predict disease severity. A case-control study involved 100 women with pre-eclampsia (55 mild, 45 severe) and 100 healthy controls, matched for age and parity. Ceruloplasmin concentration was measured using an ELISA kit. Results showed significantly higher ceruloplasmin levels in women with pre-eclampsia, with levels increasing with disease severity. A cut-off point of 29 mg/dL for ceruloplasmin demonstrated high sensitivity (90.8%) and specificity (95.6%) for identifying pre-eclampsia.
Pre-eclampsia is a serious pregnancy condition. Identifying reliable markers like ceruloplasmin could help in earlier diagnosis and better management, potentially reducing complications for both mothers and babies. Understanding its role might also offer insights into the disease's underlying mechanisms.
This research suggests that serum ceruloplasmin could serve as a diagnostic marker for pre-eclampsia and an indicator of its severity. Potential users include healthcare professionals in antenatal care settings, who could use a ceruloplasmin test to screen for or monitor pre-eclampsia. This appears to be early-stage research identifying a potential biomarker, requiring further validation and development into a clinical diagnostic tool.
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BACKGROUND: Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy disorder linked with increased maternal and perinatal complications. An imbalance between free radical-induced lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant system may contribute to its pathogenesis. AIMS: This study aimed to compare serum ceruloplasmin levels in women with pre-eclampsia and their normotensive counterparts and to assess its predictive value for disease severity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A prospective case-control study was conducted involving 100 pregnant women diagnosed with pre-eclampsia, matched for age and parity against 100 healthy controls. Patients with pre-eclampsia were classified into mild (55) and severe (45) pre-eclampsia groups. Data on demographics, obstetric characteristics and outcomes were collected. Ceruloplasmin protein concentration was measured using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Data analysis was performed using Stata Version 17. The reference range of serum ceruloplasmin for determining the risk of pre-eclampsia was from the 2.5 th to the 97.5 th percentile of the controls. The statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: The median interquartile range (IQR) serum ceruloplasmin levels were 21 mg/dL (IQR 17.5-23.8) in normotensive women, 35.5 mg/dl (IQR, 33.8-38.3) in mild pre-eclampsia, and 46.5 mg/dL (IQR, 42.5-49) in severe pre-eclampsia, with significant differences ( P = 0.001). The cut-off point for serum ceruloplasmin using Youden's index was 29 mg/dL. Ceruloplasmin exhibited 90.8% sensitivity, 95.6% specificity and positive and negative predictive values and accuracy of 96.1%, 89.6% and 92.3%, respectively, in pre-eclampsia. CONCLUSION: Serum ceruloplasmin was elevated in pre-eclampsia, and the levels correlate with the severity of pre-eclampsia. The sensitivity and specificity observed in this study suggest that ceruloplasmin may be a potential marker for discriminating between normotensive pregnant women and those with pre-eclampsia. Elevated levels may be an indicator of severe disease.
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DOI: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_175_25
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