Selenomonas spp. and Periodontal Diseases: A Systematic Review

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the association of Selenomonas species with periodontitis through a systematic review. Materials and Methods: A search was conducted to identify articles published between January 1, 2000, and September 2, 2024, in English and French, in the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria were human studies, including patients with periodontitis aged 18 years or older, and non-interventional cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies. Exclusion criteria were smoking, chronic systemic diseases, and pregnancy. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results: Among the 6226 identified studies, only six met the inclusion criteria and were appropriate for answering the research question. They found a higher prevalence of Selenomonas species in patients with periodontitis than in healthy subjects. Additionally, two species, S. sputigena, and S. noxia, were frequently isolated from subgingival plaque and were associated with periodontal status. Conclusion: S. sputigena and S. noxia have been associated with periodontitis, including both aggressive and chronic forms, and may be considered putative pathogens in the disease. However, no robust evidence can be set since heterogeneous protocols were used in the included studies. Therefore, more research is necessary to refine this association.