Selective biomass conversion over novel designed tandem catalyst

Abstract

Selective conversion of biomass into targeted molecules like polyols, especially, from cellulosic compounds, is being widely investigated as a sustainable process to produce biodiesel and bio-additives. The known process involves two steps, namely hydrolysis and hydrogenation. Thus, it requires two different catalytic materials or bifunctional catalysts. In this context, the present work reports a new catalytic approach based on the use of tandem catalysts, consisting of the combination of an acid solid catalyst (active for hydrolysis) and a supported metal catalyst (active for hydrogenation). Two different functionalized activated carbons and the resin Amberlyst 15 have been tested as solid acid catalysts, and Ru nanoparticles supported on the original activated carbon (SA) are the metal catalyst part of the tandem. All the tested tandem catalysts exhibited higher activity than the supported Ru catalyst did. The highest cellulose conversion and selectivity to sorbitol (70% and 86%, respectively) have been obtained over a novel tandem catalyst, which resulted from a physical mixture between a sulfuric acid modified SA carbon (SASu) and Ru loaded SA (Ru/SA), leading to a tandem catalyst (Ru/SA+SASu). This novel-designed tandem catalyst is reusable. Based on tandem catalysts with a solid-solid system combination, the adopted novel-designed catalytic approach is cost-efficient and sustainable, and can be considered promising for the green production of high-added-value chemicals.