Screening for Thalassemia Traits in Pregnancy: The Role of Mentzer Index

Abstract

Thalassemia traits present significant challenges during pregnancy, often leading to complications such as anemia and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Early identification of carriers is essential for managing these risks and providing appropriate care. This review article examines the Mentzer Index, a straightforward and cost-effective tool derived from complete blood count (CBC) parameters, which can effectively screen for thalassemia traits in pregnant women. By calculating the ratio of mean corpuscular volume (MCV) to red blood cell (RBC) count, the Mentzer Index serves as a valuable first-line screening measure, facilitating timely referrals for further diagnostic testing. The relevance of early detection is underscored by the need for informed reproductive choices and tailored management strategies. Recognizing thalassemia traits allows healthcare providers to monitor affected women closely and implement appropriate interventions, ultimately improving maternal health outcomes. Furthermore, the Mentzer Index is easily applicable in various clinical settings, particularly in resource-limited environments where access to advanced laboratory testing may be limited. Keywords: Thalassemia, pregnancy, Mentzer Index, anemia, screening, complete blood count, maternal health, carrier detection.