Review on Fascioliasis in Animals and Human

Abstract

The digenetic trematode parasite, which is a member of the genus Fasciola and has two species: Fasciola Hepatica and Fasciola Gigantica, is the source of the snail-borne trematode disease known as Fascioliasis. Fasciola gigantica is found in tropical regions of Africa and Asia, whereas Fasciola hepatica is primarily found in temperate zones. 2.4 million people are thought to be affected with fascioliasis worldwide, which has recently been recognized as a significant zoonotic parasitic illness that infects humans. Both species spread by snails belonging to the Lymnaeidae family and pose a concern to domestic ruminants and public health. Ingestion of encysted metacercariae of Fasciola species causes infection in both humans and animals. In Egypt, fascioliasis in humans and animals is endemic and causes both clinical and epidemiological health problems. Economic losses from fascioliasis include mortality, decreased carcass weight, decreased meat and milk output, decreased growth and quality of wool, liver damage, and decreased resistance, which makes animals more susceptible to subsequent consequences and other diseases. The parasite's history, taxonomic position, biology, pathophysiology, epidemiology, geographic distribution, economic losses, diagnosis, and control of infection in humans and animals are only a few of the topics covered by the authors in this work.