article · Advanced Functional Materials
Trap states at the surfaces and grain boundaries of perovskite materials hinder the performance and development of flexible perovskite solar cells. This research examines the in situ introduction of two fluorinated propylamine salts, PFPACl and TFPACl, into the perovskite photo-absorbing layer. Spectroscopic analysis revealed that both additives interact strongly with precursor components, forming supramolecular complexes with formamidinium iodide and highlighting the value of precursor preorganisation in solution before film casting. Driven by the higher electronegativity of its fluoroalkyl tail, PFPACl dissociates more effectively, allowing its constituent ions to passivate multiple film defects including formamidinium vacancies and uncoordinated lead ions. This interaction ensures uniform film coverage and improves energy alignment with the hole transport layer. Devices treated with PFPACl achieved a power conversion efficiency of 23.59% with high operational stability and mechanical robustness.
Flexible solar cells are vital for lightweight, portable, and wearable electronic applications, yet microscopic defects often degrade their electrical efficiency and lifespan. Demonstrating that molecular additives can preorganise precursor materials and neutralise structural defects provides a clear chemical strategy for engineering flexible solar cells that simultaneously offer high energy conversion and mechanical durability under bending stress.
This research is directly applicable to manufacturers and developers of flexible perovskite solar cells targeting lightweight or curved electronic devices. The technology sits at an applied and tested laboratory stage, having demonstrated working devices with a 23.59% power conversion efficiency, operational stability, and mechanical resilience. Real-world commercialisation will require evaluating the process during large-area roll-to-roll or continuous manufacturing.
AI-generated from the published abstract. Always read the original work before citing.
Abstract The trap state at the surfaces and grain boundaries of perovskite is one of the major obstacles to the further commercialization of flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs). Herein, two innovative multifunctional fluorinated propylamine salt 2,2,3,3,3‐pentafluoropropylamine hydrochloride (PFPACl) and 3,3,3‐triflupropylamine hydrochloride (TFPACl) are in situ introduced onto the photo absorbing layer to improve the performance of the FPSCs. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy indicates strong interactions of both PFPACl and TFPACl with the perovskite precursor components. For the first time, the structures of the supramolecular complexes formed by two additives with FAI are deduced from NOESY NMR data, thus pointing to the importance of the preorganization of the perovskite components in solution before film casting. The experiments and density functional theory（DFT) calculations reveal that PFPACl is likely dissociated more into the form of R‐NH 3 + ‐Cl − due to the higher electronegativity of the fluoroalkyl tail. Therefore, PFPA + binds more strongly to V FA defects than TFPA + , and anion Cl − has strong enough interaction with V FAI and uncoordinated Pb 2+ , leading to homogeneous coverage of PFPACl on the entire surface of the perovskite films and better energy alignment with the hole transport layer. Consequently, PFPACl‐treated FPSCs achieved a relatively high PCE of 23.59% with excellent mechanical robustness and operational stability.
This page summarises published work. The authoritative version sits with the publisher.
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202405078
Is something wrong with this record? Report it or request removal.
Discussion
Have you built on this work, tried to replicate it, or seen it applied in practice? Share what you know. Verified researchers and MARATTO™ domain experts can open a discussion, and any member can reply. Contributions are reviewed before they appear.
No discussion yet. Open the first thread.
New to MARATTO™? Create a free account.
