article · Chemosphere
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal). <This article has been retracted at the request of the Editors-in-Chief. A journal-wide investigation by Elsevier's Research Integrity & Publishing Ethics team identified violations of the journal's policies on conflict of interest related to the submission and review of this paper. Review of this submission was handled by Guest Editor Hassan Karimi-Maleh despite an extensive record of collaboration, including co-publication, with one of the paper co-authors (Fatemeh Karimi). Acceptance of the article was solely based upon the positive advice of reviewers who were closely linked to two of the authors (Karimi, Mehdi Baghayeri). This compromised the editorial process and breached the journal's policies. The authors disagree with this retraction and dispute the grounds for it.>.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143864
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