article · International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Administration of D-galactose causes oxidative disorder and is widely used to model ageing in animals. In a laboratory study using rats, oral supplementation with thymoquinone and curcumin, delivered individually or in combination at twenty milligrams per kilogram, was tested against D-galactose-induced damage. Both compounds suppressed oxidative alterations in brain and heart tissues. The combined treatment significantly decreased elevated tissue necrosis in both organs. Additionally, the combination reduced levels of brain caspase 3, calbindin, and calcium-binding adapter molecule 1, as well as cardiac caspase 3. In both heart and brain tissues, the combined treatment downregulated the expression of TP53, p21, Bax, and CASP-3 genes while upregulating BCL2 expression, demonstrating protective effects against oxidative damage in this model.
Ageing is often linked to oxidative stress, which contributes to cell death and functional decline in critical organs like the brain and heart. Identifying natural compounds that mitigate these cellular stresses helps scientists understand how to counter tissue degradation. Demonstrating that combined antioxidant compounds can alter gene expression and reduce cellular damage in an animal model provides foundational evidence for ageing-related biological research.
This research is at an early experimental stage using an animal model. It could eventually inform the development of dietary supplements or therapeutic formulations aimed at mitigating age-related oxidative stress for human consumers. However, commercial application remains distant, as the findings must first be validated through extensive translational studies and human clinical trials to confirm safety, efficacy, and appropriate dosages.
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D-galactose (D-gal) administration causes oxidative disorder and is widely utilized in aging animal models. Therefore, we subcutaneously injected D-gal at 200 mg/kg BW dose to assess the potential preventive effect of thymoquinone (TQ) and curcumin (Cur) against the oxidative alterations induced by D-gal. Other than the control, vehicle, and D-gal groups, the TQ and Cur treated groups were orally supplemented at 20 mg/kg BW of each alone or combined. TQ and Cur effectively suppressed the oxidative alterations induced by D-gal in brain and heart tissues. The TQ and Cur combination significantly decreased the elevated necrosis in the brain and heart by D-gal. It significantly reduced brain caspase 3, calbindin, and calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA1), heart caspase 3, and BCL2. Expression of mRNA of the brain and heart <i>TP53</i>, <i>p21</i>, <i>Bax</i>, and <i>CASP-3</i> were significantly downregulated in the TQ and Cur combination group along with upregulation of <i>BCL2</i> in comparison with the D-gal group. Data suggested that the TQ and Cur combination is a promising approach in aging prevention.
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DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136839
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