Restorative effects of methanol leaf extract of Uvaria chamae on some biochemical and pharmacological parameters of paracetamol-induced liver damage in Wistar albino rats

Abstract

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the therapeutic potential of Uvaria chamae extracts in mitigating paracetamol-induced hepatic injury in rats. Methods Rats were administered paracetamol to induce hepatic toxicity and subsequently treated with Uvaria chamae extracts. Biochemical markers of liver and kidney function, oxidative stress, and lipid profile were measured. Antioxidant enzyme activities and electrolyte levels were also assessed. Liver tissues were examined histologically to evaluate structural integrity. Results Treatment with Uvaria chamae extracts produced significant reductions ( p < 0.05) in markers of hepatic and renal injury, including AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, MDA, total and direct bilirubin, total cholesterol, LDL, TAG, urea, and creatinine. Treated groups also showed a significant decrease in final body weight compared with the induced but untreated group. Antioxidant parameters—including SOD, catalase, and GPx—were significantly elevated ( p < 0.05). Total protein, albumin, HDL, and potassium levels also increased following treatment. Histological examination revealed normal liver architecture in treated groups, with no observed lesions. Conclusions Uvaria chamae extracts ameliorated biochemical and structural indicators of paracetamol-induced hepatic injury in rats. These findings support its potential as a therapeutic candidate for liver damage associated with paracetamol toxicity.