Residents’ perception of the benefits and relevance of parks and green spaces in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Delta State, Nigeria

Abstract

Globally, Parks and Green Spaces (PGS) play a crucial role in urban development and sustainable living. With urbanization, the need for natural environments within cities is increasingly recognized. PGS provision in Delta State faces numerous challenges, including rapid urbanization, environmental degradation, and inadequate awareness and management. This study aims to examine residents’ perceptions of the benefits and relevance of PGS and its role in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Delta State, Nigeria. This is a comparative cross-sectional study with 366 participants. Using researcher-administered semi-structured questionnaires, information regarding domain-based resident attitudes and perceptions was collected. They included the benefits and relevance of PGS as areas for recreation, leisure/tourism, conservation, peace/quiet family time, health, educational/social benefits, the quality of existing PGS, the role in PGS management, and how PGS may aid in achieving the SDGs. The mean Perception Index (PI) of relevance of PGS was significantly different (p < 0.05) between residents in PGS areas (4.13) and non-PGS areas (3.71). Several domains showed significant perception differences between both groups regarding the benefits of PGS, including leisure and tourism, recreation, events, peace and quiet, as well as health benefits such as stress reduction and physical and mental well-being (p < 0.05). Significant differences were also observed for educational and learning benefits (p = 0.01) and contributions to achieving SDGs 3, 11, and 13 (p < 0.05). The result highlights the understanding of residents on the contributions of PGS in achieving a safe and conducive environment. Therefore, it is recommended that strategic policy interventions, enhanced public engagement, and sustainable urban planning practices be implemented to protect and optimize PGS development in Delta State and Nigeria in general. Not applicable.