Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna for 5GmmWave Application in the 25–31GHz Band

Abstract

In this work, we proposed a reconfigurable MIMO (Multiple-input multiple-output) patch antenna consisting of four ports fed by a microstrip line that operates in the 25 – 31 GHz band (for 5G applications), with a reflection coefficient of −21.9 dB after the insertion of an RF switch. This band when using two PIN diodes in the ON state. The design of this antenna was simulated using HFSS simulation software. The antenna is 24mm × 24mm, with a thickness of 1.5mm, and is printed on a FR4 substrate (with a dielectric constant of 4.4). This study showcases the effectiveness of the proposed MIMO antenna by evaluating key diversity parameters, including mutual coupling, port correlation, diversity gain, and the achievable data rate in a communication system. Additionally, it presents a detailed parametric analysis of the PIN diode switched antenna, offering valuable insights into its performance. The proposed MIMO structure effectively covers all the frequency bands allocated to 5G in various regions, including: Sweden (26.5–27.5 GHz), Europe (24.25-27.5 GHz), Japan (27.5-28.28 GHz), China (24.25-27.5 GHz), South Korea (26.5-29.5 GHz) and the USA (27.5-28.35 GHz). This design provides a high-performance solution for the 5G NR n257, n258 and n260 bands, operating in the 24–30 GHz range and targeting millimeter-wave wireless communication systems. In addition, simulation results are presented and analyzed to assess the electromagnetic performance of the proposed structure.