Recent developments strategies in high entropy modified lithium-rich layered oxides cathode for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

• Brief historical trend of lithium rich oxide cathodes. • Challenges of lithium rich oxide cathodes. • Fundamentals of high entropy materials (HEMs) • The role of multi-element doping (High entropy) in improving lithium rich oxide cathodes for lithium ion batteries. Lithium-rich layered oxides (LRLOs) are of intense interest and are regarded as one of the best cathodes for next-generation Lithium-Ion batteries (LIBs). LRLOs are favored due to the low cost of production, high energy densities, voltage, and specific capacity. LRLOs suffer from irreversible capacity loss, poor rate capability, voltage, and capacity fade, which in turn limit their full practical applications and commercialization. Therefore, strategies such as surface coating, surface treatment, composition optimization, and elemental doping have been explored to enhance the structural and electrochemical performance of LRLO. Nevertheless, high entropy (multiple elements) doping has proven to be a very effective strategy due to its simplicity and expansion of LRLO lattice interplanar spacing without damaging their original structure. It is worth noting that there has been little research work on high entropy strategies for modifying LRLO cathode. Thus, the aim of this review is current update on high entropy strategies for modifying LRLO cathode materials.