Recent Advances in Strategies Against Measles Spread: Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects, Impact, Vaccine Innovations, and Sustainable Recommendations

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Measles is a highly contagious disease, transmitted by respiratory droplets, whose spread is favored by disparities in vaccination coverage. This manuscript analyzes recent measles control strategies, analyzing their evolution, environmental repercussions, immune mechanisms, innovations in immunization, and sustainable solutions. STUDY DESIGN: Measles harms public health, and the socioeconomic landscape and advances in smart technologies offer innovative solutions for combating the disease. METHODS: Obstacles to the fight against measles include low vaccination coverage, community resistance, and logistical problems related to vaccine distribution. RESULTS: The immune response to measles involves B and T cells, which are crucial in eliminating the virus and forming an immune memory. Improvements in measles vaccines include the development of genetically modified vaccines and advanced delivery technologies. CONCLUSIONS: To eliminate measles, the manuscript recommends exploring data-driven and digital surveillance tools as complementary support to traditional epidemiological systems.