Pyridazinone-based derivatives as anticancer agents endowed with anti-microbial activity: molecular design, synthesis, and biological investigation

Abstract

values of 1.66-100 μM. Compound 10l induced G0-G1 phase cell cycle arrest in the A549/ATCC cell line, increasing the cell population from 85.41% to 90.86%. Gene expression analysis showed that compound 10l upregulated pro-apoptotic genes p53 and Bax and downregulated the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2. Molecular docking studies provided insights into the binding modes of the compounds to the VEGFR-2 enzyme. In conclusion, the pyridazinone-based diarylurea derivatives developed in this study show promise as dual-function antimicrobial and anticancer agents, warranting further investigation.