Protozoan, Animal, Socio-Ecological Factors, and Vectorial Diseases

Abstract

Leishmaniasis is a parasitosis caused by a flagellate protozoan of the genus Leishmania, transmitted by a vector (Phlebotomus) from a reservoir, rodent. It is endemic in several countries in the Mediterranean region including Morocco. This is a retrospective and descriptive study of the epidemiological profile of leishmaniasis in the province of Errachidia over the period 2012-2022. The total number of cases recorded during this period is 6726 cases. This number is very high, and despite control programs, the province of Errachidia continues to record cases, reaching 105 cases in 2022. The seasonal distribution of leishmaniasis cases was more concentrated in the autumn-winter seasons of each year. The majority of cases were recorded in rural areas, and Goulmima was the most affected district in the whole province. The authorities concerned have set up a surveillance and control program aimed at reducing the number of cases and limiting the geographical spread of leishmaniasis.