Prognostic Impact of CD200 Expression in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia

Abstract

Background and study Aim: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is heterogeneous disease where immature lymphoid cells grow predominantly in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and other tissues. The expression of CD200 has several diagnostic and potentially prognostic implications in the flow-cytometric assessment of lymphoid malignancies. The objective of this research is to evaluate the expression level of CD200 in de-novo ALL pediatric cases and its correlation with cytogenetic studies and response to induction of chemotherapy in them.Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort research had been performed on 95 newly diagnosed ALL cases who attended the Hematology Oncology Unit of Ain Shams University Hospitals from September 2022 to February 2023.Results: Regarding demographic and clinical data, CD200 expression was associated with splenomegaly and younger age. Regarding laboratory data, our study revealed a significant difference between CD200 expression and serum uric acid (p= 0.007) and platelets count (p= 0.001) being low in CD200 positive patients. Regarding cytogenetic risk stratification, the unfavorable chromosomal aberrations were higher in cases with higher CD200 expression >90% compared to patients with lower CD200 expression <90%. Regarding outcome of the studied patients and CD200% expression, a high statistically significant correlation was observed between CD200% and response to induction of chemotherapy.Conclusion: From this study, we conclude that CD200 is a bad prognostic factor and associated with poor response to chemotherapy, since CD200 positive patients are more liable to bad response to treatment.