Primary Tuberculous Pyomyositis of the Thigh Muscles in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report

Abstract

Tuberculous pyomyositis occurs mainly in immunocompromised patients, either through hematogenous spread (secondary form) or following direct trauma. However, it may also occur in immunocompetent patients without an initial focus and without clinical or radiological evidence of infection. The report presents a case of primary tuberculous pyomyositis presenting as an abscess of the left thigh. Initial treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics for presumed tropical pyomyositis caused by common bacteria proved ineffective, with persistence of clinical signs. Microbiological examination of the pus using the Xpert test identified Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Clinical evolution was favourable under antituberculosis therapy combined with abscess drainage.