Primary peritoneal hydatid cyst in the Douglas pouch: A rare presentation of echinococcosis

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Hydatid disease due to Echinococcus granulosus commonly involves the liver and lungs. Primary peritoneal hydatidosis is rare, and localization in the Douglas pouch is exceptional, often mimicking other pelvic pathologies. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a 72-year-old Tunisian woman with progressive left hypochondrium pain. Clinical exam and hydatid serology were unremarkable. CT revealed a 9 × 5 × 6 cm cystic mass in the Douglas pouch, displacing the rectum and abutting the bladder. Pelvic MRI showed a unilocular cystic lesion with peripheral fat, suggesting a hydatid cyst. Midline laparotomy identified a non-adherent cyst between rectum and bladder, which was resected intact. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, with no recurrence over 3 years. Albendazole was not given due to complete resection and absence of dissemination. DISCUSSION: Primary pelvic hydatid disease is rare and difficult to diagnose due to nonspecific symptoms. Imaging, particularly CT and MRI, is key for diagnosis. Serological tests may be negative in isolated extra-hepatic disease. Surgery is the treatment of choice; anti-parasitic therapy may be reserved for selected cases. CONCLUSION: Douglas pouch hydatid cysts are rare but should be considered in endemic regions. Accurate imaging, complete resection, and follow-up are essential for successful management.