Primary Anorectal Mucosal Melanoma: A Unique Presentation of Mucosal Melanomas

Abstract

Anorectal mucosal melanoma (AMM) is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy. It frequently presents with nonspecific symptoms, often resulting in delayed diagnosis and poor prognosis. This report describes the case of a 60-year-old male who presented with a painful para-anal papule that progressed to a fistula. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed AMM. Imaging revealed a locally advanced tumor without distant metastasis. Due to the locally advanced nature of the disease, a multidisciplinary team recommended neoadjuvant radiotherapy. This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with AMM and emphasizes the importance of a tailored, multidisciplinary approach. Surgical resection remains the cornerstone of treatment, with neoadjuvant therapy potentially improving surgical outcomes in advanced cases.