article · Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry
A cross-sectional investigation evaluated urinary tract infections among 173 outpatients suspected of infection at the Regional Annex Hospital of Dschang between April and June 2023. Analysis revealed a urinary tract infection prevalence of 49.71 percent, with females comprising the vast majority of the participants. The most common bacterial isolates identified were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, and Staphylococcus species. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests established high resistance rates, particularly against beta-lactam antibiotics, with 38.37 percent of all isolates classified as multidrug-resistant. The presence of infection showed significant statistical links to specific patient factors, including fever, douching with detergents, the interruption of previous antibiotic courses, and the use of oral contraceptives.
Urinary tract infections are common, but increasing resistance to standard treatments makes them harder to manage effectively. Demonstrating high levels of drug resistance, including multidrug resistance to common antibiotics like beta-lactams, informs local healthcare providers about which treatments may fail. Identifying behavioral and clinical risk factors, such as improper antibiotic use and specific hygiene practices, also guides targeted patient education.
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Aims: To determine the prevalence, risk factors and antimicrobial profile of uropathogens among outpatients suspected of urinary tract infections (UTI) at the Regional Annex Hospital of Dschang. Study Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2023 among outpatients who sought consultation for a urinary infection at the Regional Annex Hospital of Dschang Methodology: We included 173 patients suspected to have UTI. Clean catch mid-stream non-duplicated urine samples were collected observed macroscopically, subjected to microscopy, cultured on Cystine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient Agar (CLED). Gram-negative bacteria were identified using Enterosystem 18R kit following the manufacturer's instructions while Gram-positive were identified using a battery of biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method. Data analysis was performed using Excel 2016 and SPSS version 22.0, P≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 173 non-duplicated urine samples were collected from 173 patients and analyzed during the period of this study. Majority of the participants were females 91.3% (158/173). The prevalence of UTI was found to be 49.71% (86/173), and the most frequently isolated bacteria were E. coli (38.37%), Klebsiella spp. (20.93%), and Staphylococcus spp. (16.27%). Gram-negative bacteria and Staphylococcus spp showed higher resistance patterns, particularly to β-lactam antibiotics. In total, 38.37% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant. Factors such as age (OR:3.355; P:0.305), fever (OR:3.216; P:0.013), Douching with detergents (OR:5.326; P:0.05), interruption of antibiotic treatment (OR:9.167; P:0.026) and used of oral contraceptives (OR:4.500; P:0.036) were found to be strongly associated with UTI infections. Conclusion: Overall, this study indicates a high prevalence of bacterial urinary tract infections, as well as a high level of resistance patterns to β-lactamines and several risk factors associated with UTI in our area.
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DOI: 10.9734/ajrb/2025/v15i6455
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