Prevalence and Associated Factors of Peripheral Arterial Disease in A Tertiary Health Center

Abstract

Peripheral arterial disease is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity. It is usually asymptomatic but remains a risk for the development of cardiovascular disease. Its incidence has been on rise due to fast population growth, aging and effect of urbanization. The study was aimed at determining the prevalance and associated factors of peripheral arterial diseass in our environment. Method A total of 342 consenting men were recruited after obtaining informed consent. Participant underwent evaluation for socio-demographic data and clinical assessment for peripheral vascular disease {PVD]. PVD was diagnosed using ankle brachial index. The PVD status of each patient was noted. SPSS version 23 was used in analyzing the data. Association between peripheral arterial disease, sociodemographic data and clinical factors was determined by using Chi-Square test. Results Three hundred and forty two men completed the study. The mean age of the participants was 50.83+/ 8.3 SD. A total of number of 64 {18.28%} out of the participant was hypertensive while 32 subjects (12%) were diabetic. The prevalence of PAD was 14.9%. The majority of the study group had mild PAD (39, 76.5%). Others were moderate (9, 17.6%) and severe (3, 5.9%) PAD was associated with educational level attained (p =0.042), current employment status (p=0.028) and average monthly income (p=0.009). PAD was also associated with exercise (p=0.010), those involved in exercise had lower prevalence of PAD. Conclusion This study showed that the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in our eveironment was 14.9%